Lesson 10: Bash File Operation (Read, Write, Copy)

Create Files

You can create files in Bash using the touch command or redirection operators. The touch command creates an empty file if it doesn’t already exist:

touch filename.txt

Alternatively, you can use the redirection operator to create a file and write to it:

echo "Hello, World!" > filename.txt

Read Files

To read the contents of a file, you can use the cat, less, or more commands. The cat command displays the entire file content:

cat filename.txt

For larger files, less and more allow you to scroll through the content:

less filename.txt

Write to Files

You can write to files using redirection operators. The > operator overwrites the file, while the >> operator appends to it:

echo "New content" > filename.txt  # Overwrites the file
echo "Additional content" >> filename.txt  # Appends to the file

Copy Files

To copy files, use the cp command:

cp source.txt destination.txt

Move and Rename Files

The mv command is used to move or rename files:

mv oldname.txt newname.txt  # Renames the file
mv filename.txt /path/to/directory/  # Moves the file

Delete Files

To delete files, use the rm command:

rm filename.txt

Checke File Existence

Before performing operations on files, it’s often useful to check if they exist. You can use conditional statements for this:

if [ -f filename.txt ]; then
    echo "File exists."
else
    echo "File does not exist."
fi

You can view other useful examples at the following links:

CyberWorld | Files Operation: mv, rm, cp (rename, remove and copy files and directories on Linux) (optimusing.dyndns.org)

CyberWorld | Files Operation: touch, cat, less – read content of files (optimusing.dyndns.org)

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